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plastic graduated cylinder
A cylindrical metal sampler was pressed or driven into the soil
to the desired depth and carefully removed to preserve a known
volume of sample as it existed in situ. Samples were taken from
the 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm depths. The total sample (approximately
100-150 grams) was put into a tin sample can and sealed with plastic
electrical tape. Each sample can was identified by the sample
site ID code. After sampling, the cans were opened and weighed
to obtain the wet weight. Open cans were placed in ovens at 105
degrees Celsius for a minimum of 24 hours for drying, then they
were weighed again to obtain the dry weight.
Bulk density measurements were also made (in gravely soils) in
the field using a fixed ring to establish a datum and a water
displacement method. A plastic bag was inserted into the cavity
of the ring. A graduated cylinder was filled with water and the
volume recorded. Water was then poured into the plastic bag until
the cavity of the ring was filled to level. The volume of water
remaining in the graduated cylinder was recorded. The bag with
the water in it was carefully removed, taking care not to spill
the water or rip the bag. Soil was excavated from the ring cavity
to a depth of 5 cm and placed into the sample can(s). All loose
soil was removed from the cavity. The bag (with the initial volume
of water) was replaced into the cavity and additional water was
added until the cavity of the ring was again filled to level.
The volume of water remaining in the graduated cylinder was again
recorded. The difference between the two recorded graduated cylinder
readings is the volume of the soil sample. The bag was again removed,
soil excavated to a depth of 10 cm, the bag re-placed and re-filled,
and a measure of the volume of the sample between the 5-cm and
10-cm depths calculated. The soil samples were then dried in an
oven at 105 degrees C for 24 hours. The dried samples were then
weighed and the weight of the can was subtracted to get the dry
soil weight.
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plastic
graduated cylinder
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